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<p>The <i><b>Gentoo Code</b></i> (also known as <i>A Code of Gentoo Laws</i> or <i>Ordinations of the Pundits</i>) is a <a href="Legal_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal code">legal code</a> translated from <a href="Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> (in which it was known as <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">vivādārṇavasetu</i></span>) into <a href="Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> by <a href="Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmin</a> scholars; and then from <a href="Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> into English by <a href="Nathaniel_Brassey_Halhed" title="Nathaniel Brassey Halhed">Nathaniel Brassey Halhed</a>, a British grammarian working for the <a href="British_East_India_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="British East India Company">East India Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EB_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Vivādārṇavasetu</i> is a digest of Hindu law in 21 sections (taraṅga) compiled for Warren Hastings by the pandits.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The translation was funded and encouraged by <a href="Warren_Hastings" title="Warren Hastings">Warren Hastings</a> as a method of consolidating company control on the Indian subcontinent. It was translated into English with a view to know about the culture and local laws of various parts of Indian subcontinent. It was printed privately by the East India Company in London in 1776 under the title <i>A Code of Gentoo Laws, or, Ordinations of the Pundits</i>. Copies were not put on sale, but the Company did distribute them. In 1777 a pirate (and less luxurious) edition was printed; and in 1781 a second edition appeared. Translations into French and German were published in 1778. It is basically about the Hindu law of inheritance (<a href="Manusmriti" title="Manusmriti">Manusmriti</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pandits and the Maulvis were associated with judges to understand the civil law of Hindus and Muslims.

</p><p>The resulting "Anglo-Brahminical" output completely violated the spirit of actual practice. This is because the eleven <a href="Pandit" title="Pandit">pandits</a> (Brahmin scholars) hired by Warren Hastings "took advantage of the assignment to favour their own caste, by interpreting and even creating sacrosanct 'customs' that in fact has no shastric authority".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The result was a magnification of the problem of <a href="Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">caste hierarchy in India</a> – an issue still extant today.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFJones2006" class="citation book cs1">Jones, William (9 November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8p8jSshklY8C&dq=viv%C4%81d%C4%81r%E1%B9%87avasetu&pg=PA97"><i>Sir William Jones, 1746–94: A Commemoration</i></a>. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781584776888</bdi> – via Google Books.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-EB-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EB_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Halhed, Nathaniel Brassey"><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Halhed,_Nathaniel_Brassey">"Halhed, Nathaniel Brassey" </a></span>. <i><a href="Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHalhed1776" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Nathaniel_Brassey_Halhed" title="Nathaniel Brassey Halhed">Halhed, Nathaniel Brassey</a> (1776). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/codeofgentoolaws00halh"><i>A Code of Gentoo Laws, or, Ordinations of the Pundits: from a Persian translation, made from the original, written in the Shanscrit language</i></a>. London.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Halhed 1776, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/codeofgentoolaws00halh/page/96">96</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTharoor2017" class="citation book cs1">Tharoor, Shashi (2017). <i>Inglorious Empire</i>. Penguin Books. p. 106. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-141-98714-9</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<ul><li><a href="List_of_ancient_legal_codes" title="List of ancient legal codes">List of ancient legal codes</a></li></ul>

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